According to the CDC, severe complications from childbirth are rare in the U.S., but they are becoming more common.  The characteristics of the pregnant population are changing, so it's not unexpected that rates of certain complications might rise.  Research has shown that more women are giving birth at older ages, are obese, or have certain health conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes.  There are also more young women with serious conditions, like congenital heart defects, who are surviving and having children.  All these factors can affect pre-natal care, serious complications during childbirth and severe complications post-delivery.

How might obesity affect pregnancy?

Nearly half of U.S. women who are of child-bearing age are obese.  This epidemic compromises prenatal care by making ultrasounds and other tests to gauge the baby's growth difficult to perform.  These scans can be skewed by the mother's fat.  It is also harder to feel the position of the baby, and can be difficult to administer epidurals because of back fat.

Being obese during pregnancy increases the risk of various pregnancy complications, including:

o   Gestational diabetes

o   Preeclampsia

o   Infection

o   Thrombosis

o   Obstructive sleep apnea

o   Overdue pregnancy

o   Labor problems

o   C-section

o   Pregnancy loss

The extra fat, and the fact that obesity can cause irregular periods, also means women might not immediately realize they're pregnant.  Weight gain during pregnancy is normal – but obese women should gain no more than 15 pounds.

How to promote a healthy pregnancy?

Women should aim to be as healthy as possible before pregnancy.  This means losing weight if you are obese, and getting high blood pressure and diabetes under control.  If you have existing medical conditions, like heart disease, it's even more important to see your doctor before pregnancy.  Some women with pre-existing medical conditions may need to see an obstetrician who specializes in high-risk pregnancies.  Research has shown that dietary interventions were most effective in reducing complications such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and preterm delivery. 

Here are some tips to a healthy and safer pregnancy:

• Schedule a preconception appointment
• Seek regular prenatal care – don’t miss any appointments!
• Eat a healthy diet
• Be physically active
• Avoid risky substances